Certificate In Psychology (CPSY) Practice Exam

What factor is associated with lower birth weight in newborns?

1. Maternal age

2. Excessive exercise during pregnancy

3. Smoking during pregnancy

4. Healthy diet during pregnancy

The correct answer is: Smoking during pregnancy

Smoking during pregnancy is strongly associated with lower birth weight in newborns due to the negative impact of nicotine and other harmful substances present in cigarettes. When a pregnant individual smokes, the substances can restrict blood flow and reduce the amount of oxygen and nutrients that reach the developing fetus. This reduced supply can hinder fetal growth, resulting in a lower birth weight at delivery. Research consistently demonstrates a correlation between smoking and various adverse outcomes during pregnancy, including preterm birth and low birth weight, making it a significant risk factor. In contrast, other factors like maternal age and excessive exercise can also have varying influences on pregnancy outcomes, but smoking has a well-established link to developmental issues in newborns. A healthy diet during pregnancy is known to promote optimal fetal growth and development, further highlighting the detrimental effects of smoking in comparison.