Certificate In Psychology (CPSY) Practice Exam

What is a characteristic feature of fetal alcohol syndrome?

1. Underdeveloped brain

2. Malformations of the face

3. All of the answers are correct

4. Cognitive impairments

The correct answer is: All of the answers are correct

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a condition resulting from the exposure to alcohol during pregnancy, leading to a range of physical and developmental issues in the child. One of the defining characteristics of FAS is the presence of specific malformations of the face, such as a smooth philtrum (the groove between the nose and upper lip), thin upper lip, and a flattened nasal bridge. This facial dysmorphism is a hallmark feature that helps in diagnosing FAS. Additionally, children with FAS commonly experience cognitive impairments. This may manifest as intellectual disabilities, learning difficulties, and challenges in various cognitive functions, which significantly impact their ability to learn and interact socially. Another important aspect of fetal alcohol syndrome is the underdevelopment of the brain, which can lead to a range of neurodevelopmental issues. Brain imaging studies have often shown that children with FAS may have smaller head sizes (microcephaly) and structural brain abnormalities. Given that all these elements—facial malformations, cognitive impairments, and brain underdevelopment—are characteristic features of fetal alcohol syndrome, the correct response acknowledges the complete spectrum of issues associated with this condition. Hence, identifying that all provided features are part of fetal alcohol syndrome effectively demonstrates a comprehensive understanding