Certificate In Psychology (CPSY) Practice Exam

Which statement about the development of neurons in infancy is true?

1. Each neuron branches out to create thousands of connections with other neurons.

2. Specialization and independence of brain areas become evident.

3. Areas of the prefrontal cortex undergo significant reductions in myelination.

4. The pace of the brain's growth becomes more and more rapid.

The correct answer is: Each neuron branches out to create thousands of connections with other neurons.

The statement that each neuron branches out to create thousands of connections with other neurons is indeed true. During infancy, the brain undergoes a remarkable period of growth and development, a process known as synaptogenesis, which occurs as neurons form synapses with other neurons. This capacity for branching and creating connections is crucial because it enables complex neural networks that underpin cognitive and motor development. In the context of early brain development, the creation of these connections allows infants to learn and adapt to their environment effectively. This robust wiring ensures that young children can experience their surroundings, facilitating learning and the development of various skills. As these connections are established, they form the foundation for future cognitive processes and are vital for typical brain development. The other statements include aspects of brain development but do not accurately capture the essence of neuronal growth in infancy to the same extent. Specialization and independence of brain areas do become evident, but this occurs later in development as skills and functions become more refined. The assertion regarding significant reductions in myelination in certain areas of the prefrontal cortex misrepresents the typical myelination process, which is characterized by increases during this early period. Finally, the pace of the brain's growth is rapid but stabilizes over time; it